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Nature and Time of Onset of Auditory Deviations as a Result of Exposure to Occupational Noise

Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Nature and Time of Onset of Auditory Deviations as a Result of Exposure to Occupational Noise Authors: H M, Apoorva Abstract: Professional bus drivers, particularly those operating front-engine vehicles, are frequently exposed to high levels of occupational noise, which increases their risk of noise-induced auditory damage. Extended exposure can damage the cochlear hair cells or bring in subclinical changes in the form of cochlear synaptopathy. Cochlear synaptopathy is disruption of synapses between inner hair cells and afferent auditory nerve fibres. These alterations can impact auditory functions at both peripheral and central levels. Although past research has documented the adverse effects of noise on hearing thresholds, speech identification, temporal processing, and auditory functions like otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs), the findings have been inconsistent. Importantly, the timeline of the onset of auditory deviations remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of occupational noise exposure on behavioral and physiological measures of auditory function in bus drivers, and examined the relationship between duration of noise exposure and onset of auditory deviations.

Assessment and Evaluation of Effectiveness of Carbohydrate Counting Method and Standard Diabetic Diet on Metabolic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Assessment and Evaluation of Effectiveness of Carbohydrate Counting Method and Standard Diabetic Diet on Metabolic Control in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Authors: TAJUDDIN PENDHARI, AYESHA Abstract: Abstract: Background: Carbohydrate counting is a meal-planning approach for individuals on a basalbolus insulin regimen, which helps with insulin dose adjustments based on the amount of carbohydrate intake in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. it is a chronic endocrine disorder requiring lifelong insulin therapy. Good glycemic control is needed to prevent complications and support normal growth in children and adolescents. Another dietary approach, the standard diabetic diet, follows fixed meal plans with constant carbohydrate distribution. A study has been planned to evaluate the effectiveness of these two approaches to identify the most suitable strategy for improving metabolic control in children and adolescents with T1DM. Methods: A study was conducted with 100 subjects randomized equally in two groups (control group n=50, intervention group n=50) aged 6 to 18 years. The intervention group used the carbohydrate-counting method while the control group followed a standard diet for 6 months. Data collected anthropometric measurements, biochemical profiles (fasting and post-prandial blood glucose), and 24 hr dietary recall, and daily insulin requirements were recorded at baseline and after the intervention at the 3rd month and 6 months for both groups. For data analysis and interpretation, descriptive statistics and Parametric tests were used. Results: The demographic variables of both groups had comparable baseline characteristics. The intervention group showed a significant reduction in mean HbA1c levels from 9.6 ± 2.0 to 8.5 ± 1.3 (P = 0.0124), along with a decrease in bolus insulin requirement, while no change was observed in the control group. The intervention and control groups showed a decrease in fasting and post-meal blood glucose levels; it was more pronounced in the study group, but not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that the carbohydrate counting method is effective in managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in children. The intervention group showed a significant improvement in HbA1c levels. These findings highlight the importance of individualised nutrition therapy in managing Type 1 Diabetes in paediatric patients.

Effectiveness of video assisted teaching Programme on knowledge, attitude and practices Regarding management of common minor discomforts of pregnancy Among primigravida mothers along with their caregivers at selected PHC, Kolar

Fri, 01 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Effectiveness of video assisted teaching Programme on knowledge, attitude and practices Regarding management of common minor discomforts of pregnancy Among primigravida mothers along with their caregivers at selected PHC, Kolar Authors: Punitha, M Abstract: Introduction Being pregnant is a normal event in a woman's life; each pregnancy is different for each woman and will be sufficiently new for her. The physiological and anatomical Pregnancy changes are linked to minor discomforts, amongst pregnant women. Self-control about small aches and pains and behaviors throughout pregnancy is advantageous for expectant mothers, hence the focus on teaching the women on the management of Common minor discomforts along their Caregivers is essential. Objectives: 1. Assess the existing knowledge, attitude and practice on Management of Common minor discomforts of pregnancy among Primigravida mothers along with their care givers by using Structured Knowledge Questionnaire, Attitude rating scale and Practice Checklist. 2. Evaluate the effectiveness of the assisted teaching programme on knowledge, attitude and practices on management of Common minor discomforts of pregnancy among Primigravida mothers along with their Caregivers by comparing pre-test and post-test Knowledge, Attitude, and practice scores. 3.Find out the correlation between knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, and attitude and practice among Primigravida mothers along with their Caregivers. 4.To determine the association of post test scores of knowledge, attitude and practice with selected socio demographic variables on Management of Common minor discomforts of pregnancy among primigravida mothers along their Care givers. x Methodology This study was one group pre-test and post-test design. The sample for the study was primigravida mothers attending Primary Health Centre, Kolar who met the inclusion criteria. The total subjects included in this study were 200 primigravida mothers. The data collection tool consists of socio-demographic variables and a structured questionnaire, an Attitude questionnaire, and practices on the management of minor discomforts during pregnancy. The tool was validated by 10 experts reliability of tool is checked by the test-retest method and the obtained ‘r value is r =0.83. Ethical clearance was taken from the Institutes Ethics committee. Data collection was carried out for more than 6 months. Before that pilot study was conducted to check out the feasibility and possibility of the study. The pre-test was conducted to assess the knowledge regarding the management of minor discomforts during pregnancy. Following the pretest Video assisted teaching on management of minor discomforts during pregnancy was given for 20 minutes. The post test was conducted after 1 month using a structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the effectiveness of video assisted teaching. Results Data was analysed using SPSS version 20; significance level was kept at 0.05. The results of this study were presented in six sections. There was a significant improvement in knowledge (p- 0.000), with a mean rise of pretest and posttest scores 2.47 (SE=0.13, 95% CI: 2.22-2.72), followed by significant improvements in an outcome of practice (p-0.000), the mean alteration in pretest and posttest scores was 2.24 (SE=0.11, 95% CI:2.03-2.45), indicating significant improvement in practice. Additionally, the outcome in terms of attitude reflected significant (p-0.000) xi enhancement in pretest and posttest scores attitude was 1.72 (SE=0.14, 95% CI: 1.14- 1.99). There was a statistically significant moderate positive correlation between attitude and practice variables with (r=0. 34 P<0.05) as well statistically significant low positive correlation between knowledge and practice variables with (r=0.18, P<0.05) which confirms that the knowledge increases, attitude also increases practice with the knowledge and practice variables towards management of minor discomforts during pregnancy. There was a statistically significant association between the post-test scores of knowledge, attitude and practice with selected socio-demographic variables on the Management of Common minor discomforts of pregnancy among primigravida mothers along their Care givers except for dietary habits. Conclusion The present study has developed and evaluated the effectiveness of Video videoassisted teaching programme and Mobile Apps in terms of change in outcome by improving the quality of life and reducing the symptom of minor discomforts during pregnancy. The findings of this study will encourage health care professionals and organizations to develop innovative methods using mobile phone technology that can help the primigravida mothers at ease

Effectiveness of Multi-Modal Intervention regarding Health Promotion on Perception and Quality of Life among Geriatric Clients seeking Medical services at selected Hospitals, Kolar

Tue, 01 Oct 2024 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Effectiveness of Multi-Modal Intervention regarding Health Promotion on Perception and Quality of Life among Geriatric Clients seeking Medical services at selected Hospitals, Kolar Authors: Vani R Abstract: Introduction: Old age is a privilege for a second childhood and a new stage of opportunity and strength. Older adults are the most rapidly growing segment of the population. By 2050, 80% of all older people will live in low- and middle-income countries. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of Multimodal intervention on Perception and Quality of Life among geriatric clients. Methods: Quantitative approach Quasi-Experimental nonrandomized control group with pre-test post-test design and follow-up study was adopted by using purposive sampling technique among 120 geriatric clients who gave consent for participation in the study at two different settings of hospitals from July 2022 to January 2023, Kolar. After obtaining ethical approval, data was collected using the structured perception &WHOQOL questionnaire. The Multimodal Intervention package consisting of a Snake & Ladder health promotion strategies game, Educational Video, and Informational pamphlet was distributed to the experimental group. In contrast, routine care was given to the Control group followed by Posttest on the 30th day & 60th day. The investigator carried out reinforcement on a fortnightly basis reminders through messages. Data were analyzed by using Descriptive & Inferential statistics such as RMANOVA, Independent ‘t’-test, Paired‘t-test, and Chi-square. xviii Results: The mean post-test perception scores were significantly higher than the pretest perception scores(mean ± SD post-test 1=46.35 ±6.1, post-test 2=48.33 ±4.7) after the multimodal intervention, among the geriatric clients in the experimental group, However in the control group there were no significant differences observed from pretest and posttest mean perception scores Concerning the quality of life in the experimental group, the mean QOL scores was significantly higher during both posttests (mean ± SD post-test 1=74.11 ± 6.7, post-test 2=77.7± 4.99) after the multimodal intervention, However in the control group there were no significant differences observed from pretest and posttest mean the quality of life scores. Thus, as per the findings of the study the multimodal intervention was proven to be very effective intervention in increasing the perception and quality of life regarding health promotion among geriatric clients. Conclusion: Geriatric population was the biggest beneficiary, Multimodal Intervention was proven to be effective in improving the perception and Quality of life of geriatric clients to foster healthy aging.