Effects of Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injection on Diabetic Macular Edema

Abstract

Background: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common complication of diabetes, leading to fluid accumulation in the macula and resulting in vision impairment. With the increasing prevalence of diabetes, DME poses a significant public health challenge. Intravitreal ranibizumab, a VEGF inhibitor, has shown promise in treating DME by reducing retinal vascular permeability and improving visual outcomes. Clinical trials have demonstrated its efficacy and safety, establishing it as a key treatment option. Aims & amp; Objectives: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal ranibizumab injection on diabetic macular oedema patients as well as on Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) and on CMT in SD-OCT. Methodology: A prospective study was conducted among 136 patients who were suffering from Diabetic macular oedema and visited the Department of Ophthalmology, R. L. Jalappa Hospital and Research, Kolar. Data were collected in semistructured questionnarie and analysed by using SPSS software. Results: The mean age of study participants was 56.2 years. Total 51.5% were males and remaining 48.5% were females. Mean CMT before injection was 420.5 ± 78.4 and after injection was 385.2 ± 72.1 respectively. Mean logMAR before injection was 1.045 ± 0.5 and after injection was 0.885 ± 0.48 respectively. Conclusion: The present study concludes that a single dose of 0.5 mg of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab seems to be effective in decreasing the CMT and improving VA in patients with DME.