PREVALANCE OF DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, STRESS AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG MARRIED WOMEN IN RURAL AREAS OF KOLAR -A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: Mental health disorders like depression, anxiety, and stress are pressing public health concerns, particularly among married women in rural India. Socio-economic challenges, cultural norms, and familial responsibilities contribute to their heightened risk of psychological distress. Despite the severity of these issues, research and data on mental health in rural areas like Kolar, Karnataka, remain limited, making it difficult to fully address their needs. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among rural married women in Kolar and also to identify those associated socio-demographic factors Materials and methods: A community-based cross-sectional observational study conducted within a specific population. was conducted between July 2023 and December 2024 among 630 married women aged 18–60 years in the Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC) field practice area of Devarayasamudra, Kolar. Participants were selected using multi-stage random sampling. Data was collected using a pre-tested, semi-structured questionnaire and the DASS-42 scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0 with Chi-square tests and logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 72.3%, 71.9%, and 61.9%, respectively. Severe to extremely severe forms were notably high. Significant associations were found between mental health status and factors like age, education level, socioeconomic status, and family structure (p<0.05). Older women and those from lower socio-economic backgrounds showed higher prevalence rates. Conclusion: A substantial burden of depression, anxiety, and stress exists among married women in rural Kolar. Socio-demographic factors critically influence mental health. Community-based mental health programs focusing on early detection and socio-economic empowerment are urgently needed.